Hydraulic transmission



Aug. 12, 1941. 0, A, BANNER 2,251,972

l y vmfnmwmc TRANSMISSION Filed March 2l, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 O'r'ro A. BANNER mv NToR ATTORNEY Aug. 12, 1941. o. Af BANNER 2,251,972

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed March 21, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 O'r'm BANNER INVENTOR ATTORNEY Aug. 12, 1941. o. A. BANNER 2,251,972

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed March 2l, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 'ATTORNEY Aug. 12, 1941. l o. A. BANNER 2,251,972

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION y Filed March 2l, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 OTTO A. BANNER INVENTOR ATTORNEY I transmission.

Patented -Aug. 12, 1941A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Otto A. Banner, Highland'lark, N. J. Application March 21, 1938, Serial No. 197,291

2 Claims.

This invention relates to hydraulic transmissions and more particularly to hydraulic transmissions of the shiftable guide vane system type wherein the forward, reverse and stop operations of the turbine or power take-oil vane system of the transmission is controlled by the shifting of suitable guide vanes.

An object of the present invention is to provide in a hydraulic transmission as specified, means for shifting the shiftable guide vane system by pressure fluid operated means, shiftable along the axis of rotation of the vane systems, whereby axial fixation of the guide vane system in any desired position may be had to provide speed variation of the power take-ofi of the transmission.

Another object oi. the invention is to provide a brake structure cooperating with said shiftable guide vane system for holding the guide vane system against rotation in any position of axial iixation.

The present application embodies subject m-atter divided out from, and is a continuation in part of, my co-pendlng application on Hydraulic transmission, iiled April 28, 1933, Serial Number 668,351, now Patent No. 2,162,543.

With these and other objects in view, as may appear from the accompanying speciiication, the invention consists of various features of construction and combination of parts, which will be first described in connection with the accompanying drawings, showing a hydraulic transmis-A sion embodying the invention, and the features forming the invention will be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view partly in longitudinal section and partly in side elevation of the improved hydraulic transmission.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross section through the Figures 3, 4 and 5 are fragmentary longitudinal sections through the transmission showing the shiftable guide vane=` system in various adjusted positions.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through a modified form of hydraulic transmission embodying my invention.

' Referring more particularly to the drawings, the improved hydraulic transmission includes a primary shaft I which carries the primary or pumping vane system 2. The primary or pumping vane system 2 imparts pressure and velocity to the operating iiuid of the transmission which serves to drive the turbineor power take-off vane system 3. The turbine or power take-off vane system 3 is carried by the secondary or power take-oii shaft 4. The forward, or ahead, reverse and stop operations of the turbine vane system 3 are controlled by various adjustments of the shiftable vane system 6,.

The shiftable vane system 5 is of approved construction such as that shown in my pending application Serial Number 668,351 and comprises an ahead vane system 0, a reverse vane system 1 and a blank ring 8 to cut of! communication between the primary or pumping impeller vane system 2 and the secondary or turbine vane system 3.

The ahead and reverse vane systems 6 and l and the blank ring 6 are carried by a web 8 which is in turn attached to a sleeve I. The sleeve IB is slidably mounted on the primary shaft I for longitudinal adjustment therealong, that is, adjustment along the axis ci' rotation of the vane systems of the hydraulic transmission.

The sleeve I0 projects into a cylinder Il which is carried by the casing I2 of the transmission. A piston Il is mounted on the sleeve I0 and is rigidly connected to the sleeve in any suitable manner 'so that movement of the piston Il within the cylinder II will shift the shiftable guide vane system 5. Operating pressure uid from any suitable source (not shown) is admitted to the cylinder I I under control of a valve structure I5.

The valve structure I5 comprises a cylinder I5' to which the pressure uid is delivered through a suitable pipe |59. The pressure uid enters the annular space I5'J from the supply i pipe I5 passes through ports I5 into the interior of the valve sleeve ld. A piston valve I6 is n mounted for reciprocatory movement in the valve open end of the valve sleeve I5d.

sleeve ld and has heads I6 and |61 thereon which control the ports i and I6, The ports I6 and ltd open into opposite ends of the cylinder I I and when the valve piston I6' is shifted for delivering operating pressure iiuid into one end of the cylinder I I the opposite end of the cylinder is opened out, to exhaust crossing through the Any suitable speed of operation of the turbine vane system 3 or in other words to provide speed variation of the power take-011 of the transmission. l

Figures 3 to 5 inclusiveshow various adjustments of the shiitable vane system 5, for instance in Figure 3 of the drawings, the shiftable vane system 5 is in position to provide substantially one-half speed ahead, that is, it is shifted into position so that substantially one-half o! the entrance 1 into the turbine vane system 3 is cutL off from the exit of the pumping impeller 2 by the blank ring 8. v

In Figure 4 of the drawings the shiftable guide vane system 5 is shifted into position with the blank ring 8 completely cutting off communication between the pumping impeller 2 and the turbine impeller 3, while in Figure 5 the guide vane system is shifted to provide reverse operation at substantially one-half speed. 'I'his operation is provided by the blanking oi of substantially one-half of the entrance 1' by the blank ring 8. It will be readily understood that by variation of the degree of adjustment of the shiftable guide vane ring system 5 any desired degree of speed of operation of the turbine impeller 3 between the maximum and minimum speeds may be provided.

The sleeve IIJ has a brake drum 28 mounted thereon for rotation with the sleeve, and a plurality of brake shoes 2| are provided for cooperation with the brake drum 20 to stop rotation of the sleeve I and of the guide vane system 5 in any position of adjustment of the guide vane system permitted within the limits of movement of the guide vane system.

The brake shoes 2i are pivotally mounted as shown at 22 and their free ends are connected by a suitable connecting rod 23 about which is positioned a spring 24. The spring 2l is tensioned to urge the brake shoes 2`I away from the brake drum 20 or out of braking position. In Figure 2 of the drawings pressure operated means is illustrated for operating the brake shoes 2l. The pressure operated means comprises a cylinder 25 in which is mounted a piston 26. The piston 26 is connected by a piston rod 21 and an articulate connection 28 with the brake shoe operating arm 29. Operating pressure fluid for operating the piston 26 may be derived from any suitable source (not shown), preferably from the same source as the pressure fluid which is employed for operating the piston I4, and admission to and exhaust from the cylinder 25 of the operating pressure fluid may be controlled by any approved type of valve not shown).

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, the casing 38 of the turbine or secondary vane system or wheel 3 envelops the primary or pumpting vane system 2 and the shiftable guide vane system 5. The movement, adjustment and holding of the guide vane system is effected by the sleeve l0 which extends to the outside of the secondary casing 30. This construction makes it possible to hold the guide vane ring 5 stationary while the casing 30 surrounding it is rotating.

In Figure 6 of the drawings a modified form of the present invention is shown and this modified form is the same structure as that shown in Figure 26 of my co-pending application flled April 28, 1933, Serial Number 668,351.

The modified form of transmission includes the primary wheel or pumping vane system 50 which is mounted on the primary shaft 5 l the secondary or turbine whee152 mounted upon and connected to the secondary or power take-off shaft 53, and the shiftable vane ring structure 5I.

In all general principles of construction and operation the vane ring structure 54 is similar to the shiftable vane ring structure 5 comprising three rings 55, 58 and 51, each having a set of fixed guide vanes therein.Y The three g'uide vane rings 55, 55 and 51 are mounted upon a disc 58 which in turn is ilxedly connected with a sleeve 59. The sleeve 59 surrounds the secondary or power take-off shaft 53 and is slidable thereon. The guide vanes in the ring 55 are for clutch operation, the vanes in the ring 56 are for slow ahead operation, while the ring 51 is for reverse operation. The vanes in all three of these rings may be cast in one piece with the rings. Each of the rings may be moved between the primary wheel 50 and the secondary wheel52 by the axial shifting of the sleeve 59.

A brake drum 60 and co-operating brake shoes 6I are associated with the sleeve 59 so that during transformer operation the brake drum is held against rotation by the brake shoes, and during clutch operation the brake shoes are operated to release the brake drum`60 for operation and the coupler section 52 is moved into mesh with the coupler section 63.

The sleeve 59 is shifted to shift the adjustable guide vane ring structure 54 by a pressure operated mechanism and as shown in this Figure 6 of the drawings the pressure operated shifting mechanism comprises a. cyclinder 65 to which pressure operating fluid from any suitable source is delivered. The delivery of the operating pressure fluid to the cylinder 65 'is controlled by a valve mechanism 66 which is substantially of the same construction as the valve mechanism I5 and operates like it. The follow-up device of this modified form is similar to and acts the same as the follow-up device shown in Figure 1 of the drawings. This follow-up device includes a oating lever 8| connected to the arm 69 at one end and to an operating rod 82 at the other end.

The floating lever 8| is connected intermediate its ends to the piston rod 83 of the piston valve 86 of the control mechanism 56. 'I'he arm 69 has a brake release forming member 80 formed thereon. A piston 61 is reclprocated in the cylinder 65 by the operating pressure fluid, its direction of rnsovement being controlled by the valve structure A piston rod 68 is connected to the piston 61 and by a suitable arm 69 to a connecting structure 18. The connecting structure 10 is in turn connected to the sleeve 59 in such manner that the sleeve is free to rotate but will be moved longitudinally by movement of the member 10 and consequently by movement of the piston 61. The piston rod 68 is shown as having a plurality of notches Il therein with which a spring pressed latch 12 cooperates for momentarily holding the piston 61 in any one of a plurality of predetermined positions.

The sleeve 59, being mounted about the secondary shaft 53, provides axial means for shifting the guide vane rings.

While in the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, the casing 30 of the turbine or secondary wheel envelopes the primary or pumping wheel 2, in the form shown in this Figure 6 of the drawings, the casing 58 of the primary or pumping wheel 50 envelopes the secondary or turbine Wheel 52. However, the guide vane sleeve 59 extends outside of the casing 50 so that it may be held stationary even thoughthe casing 50' is rotating.

n win be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific construction of arrangementof parts shown but that they may be widely modified within the invention dened by soclated with said guide vane system for holding it against rotation.

2. In a hydraulic transmission including a primary impeller, a secondary impeller driven by fluid from said primary impeller, and a shiftable rotatable guide vane system between said primary and secondary impellers, said shiftable guide vane system including an ahead vane system, a reverse vane system, and a blank ring for cutting off fluid flow between said primary and secondary impellers, a primary shaft for said transmission, a shiftable sleeve on said primary shaft and connected to said guide vane system, a piston on said sleeve, a cylinder enclosing said piston, and means for controlling the delivery of pressure fluid to said cylinder to shift the piston for shifting said guide vane system.

OTTO A. BANNER. 

